The vulnerability stems from Keycloak's SAML protocol mapper implementation allowing script uploads without enforcing the UPLOAD_SCRIPTS feature flag. While OIDC protocol mappers and other script-based features were patched to respect this flag, the SAML-specific handlers (ScriptBasedMapper) in the keycloak-saml-core module were missing the same validation. The functions responsible for creating/updating mappers directly process user-supplied JavaScript without feature checks, creating an injection vector. The high confidence comes from the vulnerability's explicit association with SAML protocol mappers and the architectural pattern observed in similar Keycloak fixes.