The vulnerability, an open redirection, is explicitly described in the security advisory GHSA-qh7q-6qm3-653w. The advisory points to the LoginFormHandler._redirect_safe() method in jupyter_server/auth/login.py as the source of the issue. By comparing the git tags for the vulnerable version (2.17.0) and the patched version (2.18.0), I identified the commit 789fed081a489ff38c50ec9f6c0364cb677d4cd2 with the message "patch open redirect in /login". The diff for this commit clearly shows the addition of a code block within the _redirect_safe function. This new code specifically checks if the redirect URL starts with //, which is the technique used to exploit the open redirection vulnerability. This confirms that LoginFormHandler._redirect_safe is the vulnerable function.