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CVE-2025-46572

CVE-2025-46572: Passport-wsfed-saml2 allows SAML Authentication Bypass via Signature Wrapping

Overview

This vulnerability allows an attacker to impersonate any user during SAML authentication by crafting a SAMLResponse. This can be done by using a valid SAML object that was signed by the configured IdP.

Am I Affected?

You are affected by this SAML Signature Wrapping vulnerability if you are using passport-wsfed-saml2 version 4.6.3 or below, specifically under the following conditions:

The service provider is using passport-wsfed-saml2,
A valid SAML document signed by the Identity Provider can be obtained.

Fix

Upgrade to v4.6.4 or greater.

(GitHub Advisory)

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CVE-2025-46572

CVE-2025-46572:

N/A

CVSS Score

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Technical Details

Package Name	Ecosystem	Vulnerable Versions	First Patched Version
passport-wsfed-saml2	npm	>= 3.0.5, <= 4.6.3	4.6.4

Technical Details

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Root Cause Analysis

The vulnerability is a SAML Authentication Bypass via Signature Wrapping. This means the core issue lies in how XML signatures within SAML assertions or responses are verified. The analysis focused on the commit e5cf3cc2a53748207f7a81bfba9195c8efa94181 which fixes this vulnerability.

The primary vulnerable function is SAML.prototype.validateSignature in saml.js, as it performs the cryptographic signature check. The patch significantly refactored this function, notably by upgrading the xml-crypto library from a forked v1.4.1 to v6.1.0 and changing the input for checkSignature from a re-serialized DOM (xml.toString()) to the original, normalized XML string (utils.crlf2lf(str)). This addresses canonicalization and representation issues that are common in signature wrapping attacks.

Functions SAML.prototype.validateSamlAssertion (in saml.js) and Samlp.prototype.validateSamlResponse (in samlp.js) are direct callers and orchestrators of the signature validation process. They were modified to pass the raw XML string data to the core validation logic, ensuring the checks are performed on the data as received, which is crucial for preventing signature wrapping.

The strategy methods WsFedSaml2Strategy.prototype._authenticate_saml and WsFedSaml2Strategy.prototype.authenticate (in strategy.js) are higher-level functions that process the incoming SAML token/response from the HTTP request and initiate the validation flow using the aforementioned vulnerable SAML/SAMLP methods. They are included as they handle the potentially malicious input that triggers the vulnerability.

The confidence is high for the functions directly performing or managing signature validation, and medium for the strategy methods that act as entry points for the vulnerable logic.

Vulnerable functions

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WAF Protection Rules

WAF Rule

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Reasoning

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N/A

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Concerned about an active attack path?

CVE-2025-46572: Passport-wsfed-saml2 allows SAML Authentication Bypass via Signature Wrapping

Overview

Am I Affected?

Fix

CVE-2025-46572:

N/A

-

Basic Information

Basic Information

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Technical Details

Technical Details

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Root Cause Analysis

Vulnerable functions

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Reasoning

CVE-2025-46572: Passport-wsfed-saml2 allows SAML Authentication Bypass via Signature Wrapping

Overview

Am I Affected?

Fix

Technical Details

Basic Information

Basic Information

N/A

N/A

Vulnerability IntelligenceMiggo AI

Root Cause Analysis

Vulnerable functions

Vulnerability Intelligence
Miggo AI

Vulnerability Intelligence
Miggo AI

Vulnerability Intelligence
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