The vulnerability allows for the reuse of old user sessions because the session termination filter, SpSessionTerminationSamlPortalFilter, was not being consistently triggered. The analysis of the provided patches, specifically commit da9105a61d788801797797a32583a4b76c902cdc, reveals that the root cause of the issue lies within the isFilterEnabled method of this filter. The commit message explicitly states that the filter was not executing in the correct order and was missing the companyId, which is necessary to determine if SAML is enabled. The patch addresses this by adjusting the filter execution order and adding logic to the isFilterEnabled method to ensure the companyId is populated. This change guarantees that the filter can accurately assess whether it should proceed with session termination. Therefore, the isFilterEnabled function is identified as the key vulnerable function, as its failure to execute correctly directly leads to the insufficient session expiration vulnerability.