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CVE-2025-30162

CVE-2025-30162: Cilium East-west traffic not subject to egress policy enforcement for requests via Gateway API load balancers

Impact

For Cilium users who:

Use Gateway API for Ingress for some services AND
Use LB-IPAM or BGP for LB Service implementation AND
Use network policies to block egress traffic from workloads in a namespace to workloads in other namespaces

Egress traffic from workloads covered by such network policies to LoadBalancers configured by Gateway resources will incorrectly be allowed.

LoadBalancer resources not deployed via a Gateway API configuration are not affected by this issue.

Patches

This issue was fixed by https://github.com/cilium/proxy/pull/1172.

This issue affects:

Cilium v1.15 between v1.15.0 and v1.15.14 inclusive
Cilium v1.16 between v1.16.0 and v1.16.7 inclusive
Cilium v1.17 between v1.17.0 and v1.17.1 inclusive

This issue is fixed in:

Cilium v1.15.15
Cilium v1.16.8
Cilium v1.17.2

Workarounds

A Clusterwide Cilium Network Policy can be used to work around this issue for users who are unable to upgrade. An outline of such a policy is provided below:

apiVersion: "cilium.io/v2"
kind: CiliumClusterwideNetworkPolicy
metadata:
  name: "workaround"
spec:
  endpointSelector:
    matchExpressions:
    - key: reserved:ingress
      operator: Exists
  ingress:
  - fromEntities:
    - world

The policy opens up connectivity from all locations outside the cluster into the Cilium Ingress Gateway.
The policy establishes a default deny for all other traffic towards the Cilium Ingress Gateway, including all in-cluster sources.
It is possible to tailor the policy to more narrowly allow inbound traffic while creating a default deny posture for traffic between namespaces. Users should edit the policy to bring it in line with the security requirements particular to their environments.

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CVE-2025-30162

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Technical Details

Package Name	Ecosystem	Vulnerable Versions	First Patched Version
github.com/cilium/cilium	go
github.com/cilium/cilium	go
github.com/cilium/cilium	go

Technical Details

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Root Cause Analysis

The vulnerability stems from incorrect policy enforcement when handling traffic through Gateway API-configured LoadBalancers. The root cause was identified in the linked fix (cilium/proxy#1172) which modifies policy application to consider source pod identity even in north-south LB scenarios. While exact function names aren't provided in disclosures, the commit message explicitly mentions enforcing source pod's egress policy for local pods using Ingress IPs. This indicates the policy enforcement logic for L7 load balancer traffic was missing proper source pod context evaluation, making it the clear vulnerable component. The high confidence comes from the direct correlation between the vulnerability description and the implemented fix's purpose.

Vulnerable functions

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WAF Rule

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Reasoning

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CVE-2025-30162: Cilium East-west traffic not subject to egress policy enforcement for requests via Gateway API load balancers

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CVE-2025-30162: Cilium East-west traffic not subject to egress policy enforcement for requests via Gateway API load balancers

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CVE-2025-30162: Cilium East-west traffic not subject to egress policy enforcement for requests via Gateway API load balancers

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CVE-2025-30162: Cilium East-west traffic not subject to egress policy enforcement for requests via Gateway API load balancers

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Patches

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Acknowledgements

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