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| Package Name | Ecosystem | Vulnerable Versions | First Patched Version |
|---|---|---|---|
| katex | npm | >= 0.10.0-beta, < 0.16.10 | 0.16.10 |
The vulnerability stemmed from how macro expansions were counted. The pre-patch code in expandOnce() only incremented expansionCount by 1 per macro expansion, while expandTokens() (used by \edef) didn't account for multiple tokens generated. This allowed attackers to create exponential token growth through linear \edef expansions. The fix introduced countExpansion() to track token quantities, confirming these functions were the vulnerable points.
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