The vulnerability centers on incorrect authorization due to SQL parsing flaws in SQLLab. Key functions would include: (1) The SQL execution handler (e.g., execute_sql_statement), which relies on parsed table names to enforce permissions, and (2) The SQL parser (e.g., get_table_names), which fails to extract all tables accurately. Without patch details, these are educated guesses based on Superset's architecture and the described exploit mechanism. The 'medium' confidence reflects the lack of explicit code references but aligns with typical Superset components involved in SQL parsing and execution.