CVE-2019-17571 identifies a critical Java vulnerability in Apache Log4j 1.2 through version 1.2.17 that enables remote code execution through unsafe deserialization in the SocketServer class. This vulnerability achieves a maximum CVSS score of 9.8 (Critical severity) with an EPSS score of 97.7 percentile and 49.1% exploitation probability, indicating extremely high risk and widespread attack potential. The vulnerability details reveal that the SocketServer class deserializes untrusted network data without proper validation, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code when combined with deserialization gadgets present in the application classpath. This creates substantial exploit risk for enterprise applications using Log4j 1.2 for network-based logging, particularly affecting IBM Db2, Oracle WebLogic Server, and numerous other Java-based systems that rely on Log4j's network logging capabilities. The technical root cause lies in Log4j 1.2's SocketServer implementation, which processes incoming log data over network connections through unsafe deserialization mechanisms, creating a prime vector for known exploited vulnerabilities targeting Java applications. The vulnerability affects all Log4j versions from 1.2 through 1.2.17, with no patches available since Log4j 1.2 has reached end-of-life status, forcing organizations to migrate to newer versions. The widespread impact extends across over 12 affected technologies and multiple package ecosystems, highlighting the critical nature of this deserialization flaw in enterprise logging infrastructure. Mitigation steps require upgrading to Log4j 2.x (org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-core) as the primary solution, with immediate workarounds including isolating SocketServer from untrusted network traffic and implementing network-level protections. Organizations should prioritize identifying all applications using Log4j 1.2, especially those with network logging enabled, implement comprehensive deserialization filtering, and maintain updated CVE database records to track similar unsafe deserialization vulnerabilities that could compromise Java application security through logging and data processing components.